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In linguistics, formal semantics seeks to understand linguistic meaning by constructing precise mathematical models of the principles that speakers use to define relations between expressions in a natural language and the world which supports meaningful discourse.〔, chapter 15: An Introduction to Formal semantics.〕 The mathematical tools used are the confluence of formal logic and formal language theory, especially typed lambda calculi. Linguists rarely employed formal semantics until Richard Montague showed how English (or any natural language) could be treated like a formal language.〔For a very readable and succinct overview of how formal semantics found its way into linguistics, please refer to ''(The formal approach to meaning: Formal semantics and its recent developments )'' by Barbara Abbott. In: Journal of Foreign Languages (Shanghai), 119:1 (January 1999), 2–20.〕 His contribution to linguistic semantics, which is now known as Montague grammar, was the basis for further developments, like the categorial grammar of Bar-Hillel and colleagues, and the more recent type-logical semantics (or grammar) based on Lambek calculus. Another line of inquiry, using linear logic, is Glue semantics, which is based on the idea of "interpretation as deduction", closely related to the "parsing as deduction" paradigm of categorial grammar. In 1992 Margaret King argued that few of the proposals from formal semanticists have been tested for empirical relevance, unlike those in computational linguistics. Cognitive semantics emerged and developed as a reaction against formal semantics. == See also == * Discourse representation theory 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Formal semantics (linguistics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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